To begin to understand the history of deaf people and their difficulties to succeed in society, we must remember that in antiquity there was no awareness of the link between deafness and muteness, deaf-mute in fact the term appeared only towards the end of eighteenth century. Before then, the deaf people were considered mental problems. Not understanding that thought could develop without the articulation of words, meant that the deaf were considered the "angry idiots".
with humanism, the education on deaf suffered beneficial effects through the concept of "New Man" is so began to think that there was a relationship between deafness and dumbness, and above all, that thought could not take shape only through the voice. The first information on the education of deaf people came to us by Pedro Ponce de Leon, a physician educated in the '500 Benedictine three deaf children of the Constable of Castile. He isegno them to read, write and do accounts. It certainly served of a manual alphabet, the same one used by his predecessors, but his method was not widespread. After him, there was, in the second half of the 700, the Abbe de l'Epee. The major innovation of the latter was precisely the fact that spreading his educational method, and even founded the first public school for the deaf in France. The Abbe de l'Epee developed a language of conventional signs starting right from those used by the students and adding new ones to describe objects, events and quality, but do not stop there, because his goal was to teach a language, then created signs to indicate grammatical elements such as time and the article. Successive
Abbe de l'Epee, There was the Abbe Sicard, who directed the school in Paris and saw to it that the method of its precursor from spreading in the United States with Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet. The latter, he succeeded in 1817 to open the first American school for the deaf in Connecticut, and later his son, nel1864, founded in Waschington the Gallaudet College. Jean Marc Itard
In 1800, he was named intern of the Institute for the deaf in Paris. It was initially a supporter of the oral method and contrary to the signs. Successive changed his mind, considering that any rehabilitation to the verbal language must be supported by the sign language for deaf naturale.Egli was a language he understood the sign language was the means of communication effective way to promote the intellectual development of deaf children. As regards Italy, we remember the figure of the abbot Tommaso Silvestri. After him, in Italy were founded many schools for the deaf and the history of deaf people identified with that of the institutions educative.All 'inside of them, the deaf spent ten years of their lives, they received an education, learn a trade and created bonds of friendship with other deaf children.
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